Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 50

会议视频 2

年份

2023 2

2022 5

2021 5

2020 2

2019 2

2018 12

2017 1

2016 1

2014 2

2013 1

2012 3

2011 2

2010 1

2009 2

2008 1

2007 4

2006 1

2005 1

2000 1

展开︾

关键词

干旱 3

小麦 2

章动 2

三维适形放疗 1

临床试验 1

产量 1

代谢与免疫 1

光合产物 1

光周期 1

免疫抑制 1

免疫细胞 1

免疫耐受 1

入侵模型 1

入侵预测 1

农业干旱 1

冬小麦 1

冷空气路径 1

分配指数 1

副热带高压 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期

摘要：

Drought stress typically causes heavy losses in apple production and uncovering the mechanisms by which apple tolerates drought stress is important in apple breeding. MdSIZ1 is a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) E3 ligase that promotes SUMO binding to substrate proteins. Here, we demonstrate that MdSIZ1 in apple has a negative relationship with drought tolerance. MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic apple trees had a higher survival rate after drought stress. During drought stress they had higher leaf water potential, reduced ion leakage, lower H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde contents, and higher catalase activity. In addition, MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic plants had a higher net photosynthetic rate during the latter period of drought stress. Finally, the transgenic apple trees also altered expression levels of some microRNAs in response to drought stress. Taken together, these results indicate that apple MdSIZ1 negatively regulates drought stress by enhancing leaf water-holding capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity.

关键词： apple / drought tolerance / gene expression / MdSIZ1

HTML PDF 收藏

OVEREXPRESSION OF PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHTTOLERANCE BY ENHANCING ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期

摘要：

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes encode highly hydrophilic proteins that are essential in abiotic stress responses. However, most LEA genes in higher plants have not yet been investigated. This study identified an LEA family gene (PtrLEA7) from Poncirus trifoliata and studied its function in drought tolerance. The full-length coding sequence of PtrLEA7 was 420 bp encoding a protein of 139 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis shows that PtrLEA7 protein belongs to the LEA_4 subfamily. Expression profiling by qPCR found that PtrLEA7 was strongly induced by dehydration, cold and ABA treatments, and slightly induced by salt stress. Subcellular localization reveals that PtrLEA7 protein was located in both cytoplasm and nucleus. To investigate its function, transgenic plants of both tobacco and Poncirus trifoliata overexpressing PtrLEA7 were obtained. Stress tolerance assays show that overexpression lines had enhanced dehydration and drought tolerance compared with wild type plants, indicating that PtrLEA7 positively regulates drought tolerance. In addition, transgenic plants had much higher expression levels of three antioxidant enzyme genes (CAT, SOD and POD) and significantly increased catalase enzyme activity, accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in comparison with wild type plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that PtrLEA7 can confer enhanced drought tolerance partially via enhancing antioxidant capacity.

HTML PDF 收藏

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 662-662 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021408

HTML PDF 收藏

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

Baohua CHU, Jia SUN, Huan DANG, Ziqing MA, Shuang ZHAO, Qingmei GUAN, Xuewei LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》页码 247-261 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021388

摘要： Drought stress typically causes heavy losses in apple production and uncovering the mechanisms by which apple tolerates drought stress is important in apple breeding. MdSIZ1 is a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) E3 ligase that promotes SUMO binding to substrate proteins. Here, we demonstrate that in apple has a negative relationship with drought tolerance. RNAi transgenic apple trees had a higher survival rate after drought stress. During drought stress they had higher leaf water potential, reduced ion leakage, lower H O and malondialdehyde contents, and higher catalase activity. In addition, RNAi transgenic plants had a higher net photosynthetic rate during the latter period of drought stress. Finally, the transgenic apple trees also altered expression levels of some microRNAs in response to drought stress. Taken together, these results indicate that apple MdSIZ1 negatively regulates drought stress by enhancing leaf water-holding capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity.

关键词： apple drought tolerance gene expression MdSIZ1

HTML PDF 收藏

农业防旱抗旱减灾工程技术与应用

李玉中,王春乙,程延年

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第9期页码 85-89

摘要：

介绍了干旱以及干旱对作物的影响，概述了农业防灾减灾的主要工程措施，这些工程措施包括集水工程、蓄水工程、覆盖抑蒸工程、节水灌溉工程、人工增雨防旱工程、抗旱种衣剂包衣工程，并介绍了这些工程的应用效果。

关键词：农业干旱工程减灾抗旱种衣剂包衣工程

HTML PDF 收藏

Functional tolerance theory in incremental growth design

YANG Bo, ZE Xiangbo, YANG Tao

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第3期页码 336-343 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0059-x

摘要： The evolutionary tolerance design strategy and its characteristics are studied on the basis of automation technology in the product structure design. To guarantee a successful transformation from the functional requirement to geometry constraints between parts, and finally to dimension constraints, a functional tolerance design theory in the process of product growth design is put forward. A mathematical model with a correlated sensitivity function between cost and the tolerance is created, in which the design cost, the manufacturing cost, the usage cost, and the depreciation cost of the product are regarded as control constraints of the tolerance allocation. Considering these costs, a multifactor-cost function to express quality loss of the product is applied into the model. In the mathematical model, the minimum cost is used as the objective function; a reasonable process capability index, the assembly function, and assembly quality are taken as the constraints; and depreciation cost in the objective function is expressed as the discount rate terminology in economics. Thus, allocation of the dimension tolerance as the function and cost over the whole lifetime of the product is realized. Finally, a design example is used to demonstrate the successful application of the proposed functional tolerance theory in the incremental growth design of the product.

关键词： successful transformation mathematical automation technology tolerance allocation minimum

HTML PDF 收藏

2008年冬季—2009年春季干旱的大气结构与地球转动特征

魏鸣,欧阳首承

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 49-55

摘要：

针对干旱预测的难题，利用揭示大气热结构垂直特征的V-3θ图，分析影响旱区的气流特征。根据国际地球自转服务（IERS）的数据，分析地球极移、章动和转速的变化与大气热结构变化的关系，基于地气动量守恒原理，将大气热结构与地球转动特征变化进行了制约性分析。结果表明，大气热结构异常和地球转动特征引起的冷空气路径变化与大范围干旱有关。

关键词：干旱冷空气路径回流章动极移

HTML PDF 收藏

TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 852-861 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0811-7

摘要： Fuel starvation can occur and cause damage to the cell when proton exchange membrane fuel cells operate under complex working conditions. In this case, carbon corrosion occurs. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts can alleviate carbon corrosion by introducing water electrolysis at a lower potential at the anode in fuel shortage. The mixture of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and unsupported OER catalyst not only reduces the electrolysis efficiency, but also influences the initial performance of the fuel cell. Herein, Ti₄O₇ supported IrO_x is synthesized by utilizing the surfactant-assistant method and serves as reversal tolerant components in the anode. When the cell reverse time is less than 100 min, the cell voltage of the MEA added with IrO_x/Ti₄O₇ has almost no attenuation. Besides, the MEA has a longer reversal time (530 min) than IrO_x (75 min), showing an excellent reversal tolerance. The results of electron microscopy spectroscopy show that IrO_x particles have a good dispersity on the surface of Ti₄O₇ and IrO_x/Ti₄O₇ particles are uniformly dispersed on the anode catalytic layer. After the stability test, the Ti₄O₇ support has little decay, demonstrating a high electrochemical stability. IrO_x/Ti₄O₇ with a high dispersity has a great potential to the application on the reversal tolerance anode of the fuel cell.

关键词： proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) fuel starvation cell reverse reversal tolerance anode oxygen evolution reaction

HTML PDF 收藏

地球的章动和转速与副热带高压和高温干旱

魏鸣,欧阳首承

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第8期页码 40-46

摘要：

鉴于近10多年来运用地球转速的变化做长期灾害天气预测取得的较好效果，试图运用地球的章动、地球转速和大气变化的关系，探索重大灾害天气的深层次原因。仅就2006年发生在四川、重庆的高温干旱问题，讨论了副热带高压与东风层的关系，进而对地球的章动、转速的变化做了对比分析。结果显示，地球大气的重要灾害天气的发生，不只限于大气本身的原因，而确有可用于天气预测的星体运行的变化信息。

关键词：章动地球转速副热带高压逆滚流下沉干旱

HTML PDF 收藏

A Robust Tolerance Design Method Based on Fuzzy Quality Loss

CAO Yan-long, MAO Jian, YANG Jiang-xin, WU Zhao-tong, WU Li-qun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第1期页码 101-105 doi: 10.1007/s11465-005-0010-y

摘要：

The traditional tolerance design model ignores the impact of noise factor, so that the design may be infeasible due to variations in design constraints. Based on the analysis of fuzzy factors in tolerance design and the limitations of the traditional Taguchi squared quality loss function, a fuzzy quality loss function model utilizing fuzzy theory was introduced. Concepts on fuzzy quality loss and fuzzy quality loss cost were proposed in the model. The characteristics of the new model and the advantages over the traditional Taguchi quality loss function were analyzed. A robust tolerance design model using a fuzzy quality loss function was proposed. An example was given to illustrate the proposed model. Results and comparisons show that the method is suitable and reliable, and makes the conclusions more objective and reasonable.

关键词： impact function robust tolerance suitable quality

HTML PDF 收藏

Spectral reflectance indices as proxies for yield potential and heat stress tolerance in spring wheat

Caiyun LIU, Francisco PINTO, C. Mariano COSSANI, Sivakumar SUKUMARAN, Matthew P. REYNOLDS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 296-308 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019269

摘要：

The application of spectral reflectance indices (SRIs) as proxies to screen for yield potential (YP) and heat stress (HS) is emerging in crop breeding programs. Thus, a comparison of SRIs and their associations with grain yield (GY) under YP and HS conditions is important. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of 27 SRIs for indirect selection for agronomic traits by evaluating an elite spring wheat association mapping initiative (WAMI) population comprising 287 elite lines under YP and HS conditions. Genetic and phenotypic analysis identified 11 and 9 SRIs in different developmental stages as efficient indirect selection indices for yield in YP and HS conditions, respectively. We identified enhanced vegetation index (EVI) as the common SRI associated with GY under YP at booting, heading and late heading stages, whereas photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were the common SRIs under booting and heading stages in HS. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 18704 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Illumina iSelect 90K identified 280 and 43 marker-trait associations for efficient SRIs at different developmental stages under YP and HS, respectively. Common genomic regions for multiple SRIs were identified in 14 regions in 9 chromosomes: 1B (60–62 cM), 3A (15, 85–90, 101–105 cM), 3B (132–134 cM), 4A (47–51 cM), 4B (71–75 cM), 5A (43–49, 56–60, 89–93 cM), 5B (124–125 cM), 6A (80–85 cM), and 6B (57–59, 71 cM). Among them, SNPs in chromosome 5A (89–93 cM) and 6A (80–85 cM) were co-located for yield and yield related traits. Overall, this study highlights the utility of SRIs as proxies for GY under YP and HS. High heritability estimates and identification of marker-trait associations indicate that SRIs are useful tools for understanding the genetic basis of agronomic and physiological traits.

关键词： genome-wide association study (GWAS) heat tolerance spectral reflectance spring wheat

HTML PDF 收藏

Polyamines and antioxidant defense system are associated with cold tolerance in centipedegrass

Jingjing CHEN, Junyang FANG, Zhenfei GUO, Shaoyun LU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 129-138 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017197

摘要： Physiological responses to low temperature were analyzed in a chilling-tolerant centipedegrass ( ) accession, Shao Guan (SG), in comparison to the commercial cultivar, Common. Lower levels of ion leakage and higher chlorophyll (Chl) concentration were observed in SG than in Common during chilling stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency, the actual photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, photochemical quenching efficiency, and net photosynthetic rate were decreased during chilling stress in both genotypes, with higher levels of these parameters shown by SG than Common. In addition, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), and higher concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were observed in SG than in Common. Moreover, higher concentrations of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) were observed in SG than in Common. Correlation analysis indicated that SOD, CAT, APX and GR activities, and AsA and GSH concentrations showed high correlation to Put, while APX, GR, and AsA concentrations were correlated to Spd. Exogenous Put or Spd increased antioxidant enzyme activities and chilling tolerance. The results suggested that polyamine-regulated antioxidants are important for chilling tolerance in centipedegrass and protect plants against chilling induced oxidative damage.

关键词： antioxidants centipedegrass chilling photosynthesis polyamines

HTML PDF 收藏

OVEREXPRESSION OF

Tonglu WEI, Dalong GUO, Jihong LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》页码 236-246 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020368

摘要： Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes encode highly hydrophilic proteins that are essential in abiotic stress responses. However, most LEA genes in higher plants have not yet been investigated. This study identified an LEA family gene (PtrLEA7) from Poncirus trifoliata and studied its function in drought tolerance. The full-length coding sequence of PtrLEA7 was 420 bp encoding a protein of 139 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis shows that PtrLEA7 protein belongs to the LEA_4 subfamily. Expression profiling by qPCR found that PtrLEA7 was strongly induced by dehydration, cold and ABA treatments, and slightly induced by salt stress. Subcellular localization reveals that PtrLEA7 protein was located in both cytoplasm and nucleus. To investigate its function, transgenic plants of both tobacco and Poncirus trifoliata overexpressing PtrLEA7 were obtained. Stress tolerance assays show that overexpression lines had enhanced dehydration and drought tolerance compared with wild type plants, indicating that PtrLEA7 positively regulates drought tolerance. In addition, transgenic plants had much higher expression levels of three antioxidant enzyme genes (CAT, SOD and POD) and significantly increased catalase enzyme activity, accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in comparison with wild type plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that PtrLEA7 can confer enhanced drought tolerance partially via enhancing antioxidant capacity.

关键词： abiotic stress antioxidant drought late embryogenesis abundant Poncirus trifoliata

HTML PDF 收藏

FTRP：基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架 Research

Wei HU, Guang-ming LIU, Yan-huang JIANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第10期页码 1273-1290 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601450

摘要：为此，提出一种基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架—FTRP（fault tolerance framework using process replication and prefetching），

关键词：高性能计算；主动容错；故障局部性；进程复制；进程预取

HTML PDF 收藏

Growth and abscisic acid responses of

Yue LI, Liqiang WAN, Yufei WANG, Xianglin LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017199

摘要： A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with three alfalfa ( ) cultivars, Aohan, Zhongmu No.1 and Sanditi, to examine the morphological and physiological responses of alfalfa to water stress. The response of alfalfa to water stress at different growth stages was generally similar, but varied among cultivars. At the branching, flowering and podding stages, the shoot biomasses of Aohan and Zhongmu No.1 were greatly affected by, and responded quickly to, water stress. The shoot biomass of Sanditi was not affected by mild water stress, but had a slight response to moderate and severe water stress. The root/shoot ratios in Aohan and Zhongmu No.1 were more sensitive to water stress than in Sanditi, with the root/shoot ratio in Aohan increasing most significantly. At flowering, the root/shoot ratio was the highest and the effect of water stress the greatest. The abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in the roots of Aohan and Zhongmu No.1 increased under water stress, while in Sanditi there was only a slight or delayed response of ABA concentration.

关键词： abscisic acid alfalfa drought response growth stage water deficit

HTML PDF 收藏

标题作者时间类型操作

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

期刊论文

OVEREXPRESSION OF PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHTTOLERANCE BY ENHANCING ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY

期刊论文

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

期刊论文

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

Baohua CHU, Jia SUN, Huan DANG, Ziqing MA, Shuang ZHAO, Qingmei GUAN, Xuewei LI

期刊论文

农业防旱抗旱减灾工程技术与应用

李玉中,王春乙,程延年

期刊论文

Functional tolerance theory in incremental growth design

YANG Bo, ZE Xiangbo, YANG Tao

期刊论文